diff --git a/libkwineffects/kwingltexture.cpp b/libkwineffects/kwingltexture.cpp
index 7b67778789..6fa1b3393e 100644
--- a/libkwineffects/kwingltexture.cpp
+++ b/libkwineffects/kwingltexture.cpp
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #include "kwinglutils_funcs.h"
 #include "kwinglutils.h"
 
+#include "kwingltexture_p.h"
+
 #include <QPixmap>
 #include <QImage>
 #include <QVector2D>
@@ -40,52 +42,62 @@ namespace KWin
 // GLTexture
 //****************************************
 
-bool GLTexture::sNPOTTextureSupported = false;
-bool GLTexture::sFramebufferObjectSupported = false;
-bool GLTexture::sSaturationSupported = false;
+bool GLTexturePrivate::sNPOTTextureSupported = false;
+bool GLTexturePrivate::sFramebufferObjectSupported = false;
+bool GLTexturePrivate::sSaturationSupported = false;
 
 GLTexture::GLTexture()
+    : d_ptr(new GLTexturePrivate())
+{
+}
+
+GLTexture::GLTexture(GLTexturePrivate& dd)
+    : d_ptr(&dd)
+{
+}
+
+GLTexture::GLTexture(const GLTexture& tex)
+    : d_ptr(tex.d_ptr)
 {
-    init();
 }
 
 GLTexture::GLTexture(const QImage& image, GLenum target)
+    : d_ptr(new GLTexturePrivate())
 {
-    init();
     load(image, target);
 }
 
 GLTexture::GLTexture(const QPixmap& pixmap, GLenum target)
+    : d_ptr(new GLTexturePrivate())
 {
-    init();
     load(pixmap, target);
 }
 
 GLTexture::GLTexture(const QString& fileName)
+     : d_ptr(new GLTexturePrivate())
 {
-    init();
     load(fileName);
 }
 
 GLTexture::GLTexture(int width, int height)
+     : d_ptr(new GLTexturePrivate())
 {
-    init();
-
+    Q_D(GLTexture);
     if (NPOTTextureSupported() || (isPowerOfTwo(width) && isPowerOfTwo(height))) {
-        mTarget = GL_TEXTURE_2D;
-        mScale.setWidth(1.0 / width);
-        mScale.setHeight(1.0 / height);
-        mSize = QSize(width, height);
-        can_use_mipmaps = true;
+        d->m_target = GL_TEXTURE_2D;
+        d->m_scale.setWidth(1.0 / width);
+        d->m_scale.setHeight(1.0 / height);
+        d->m_size = QSize(width, height);
+        d->m_canUseMipmaps = true;
 
-        glGenTextures(1, &mTexture);
+        glGenTextures(1, &d->m_texture);
         bind();
 #ifdef KWIN_HAVE_OPENGLES
         // format and internal format have to match in ES, GL_RGBA8 and GL_BGRA are not available
         // see http://www.khronos.org/opengles/sdk/docs/man/xhtml/glTexImage2D.xml
-        glTexImage2D(mTarget, 0, GL_RGBA, width, height, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0);
+        glTexImage2D(d->m_target, 0, GL_RGBA, width, height, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0);
 #else
-        glTexImage2D(mTarget, 0, GL_RGBA8, width, height, 0, GL_BGRA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0);
+        glTexImage2D(d->m_target, 0, GL_RGBA8, width, height, 0, GL_BGRA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0);
 #endif
         unbind();
     }
@@ -93,26 +105,38 @@ GLTexture::GLTexture(int width, int height)
 
 GLTexture::~GLTexture()
 {
-    delete m_vbo;
-    discard();
-    assert(mUnnormalizeActive == 0);
-    assert(mNormalizeActive == 0);
 }
 
-void GLTexture::init()
+GLTexture& GLTexture::operator = (const GLTexture& tex)
 {
-    mTexture = None;
-    mTarget = 0;
-    mFilter = 0;
-    y_inverted = false;
-    can_use_mipmaps = false;
-    has_valid_mipmaps = false;
-    mUnnormalizeActive = 0;
-    mNormalizeActive = 0;
+    d_ptr = tex.d_ptr;
+    return *this;
+}
+
+GLTexturePrivate::GLTexturePrivate()
+{
+    m_texture = 0;
+    m_target = 0;
+    m_filter = 0;
+    m_yInverted = false;
+    m_canUseMipmaps = false;
+    m_hasValidMipmaps = false;
+    m_unnormalizeActive = 0;
+    m_normalizeActive = 0;
     m_vbo = 0;
 }
 
-void GLTexture::initStatic()
+GLTexturePrivate::~GLTexturePrivate()
+{
+    if (m_vbo != 0) {
+        delete m_vbo;
+    }
+    if (m_texture != 0) {
+        glDeleteTextures(1, &m_texture);
+    }
+}
+
+void GLTexturePrivate::initStatic()
 {
 #ifdef KWIN_HAVE_OPENGLES
     sNPOTTextureSupported = true;
@@ -129,22 +153,28 @@ void GLTexture::initStatic()
 
 bool GLTexture::isNull() const
 {
-    return mTexture == None;
+    Q_D(const GLTexture);
+    return None == d->m_texture;
 }
 
 QSize GLTexture::size() const
 {
-    return mSize;
+    Q_D(const GLTexture);
+    return d->m_size;
 }
 
 bool GLTexture::load(const QImage& image, GLenum target)
 {
+    // decrease the reference counter for the old texture
+    d_ptr = new GLTexturePrivate();
+
+    Q_D(GLTexture);
     if (image.isNull())
         return false;
     QImage img = image;
-    mTarget = target;
+    d->m_target = target;
 #ifndef KWIN_HAVE_OPENGLES
-    if (mTarget != GL_TEXTURE_RECTANGLE_ARB) {
+    if (d->m_target != GL_TEXTURE_RECTANGLE_ARB) {
 #endif
         if (!NPOTTextureSupported()
                 && (!isPowerOfTwo(image.width()) || !isPowerOfTwo(image.height()))) {
@@ -152,33 +182,33 @@ bool GLTexture::load(const QImage& image, GLenum target)
             img = img.scaled(nearestPowerOfTwo(image.width()),
                              nearestPowerOfTwo(image.height()));
         }
-        mScale.setWidth(1.0 / img.width());
-        mScale.setHeight(1.0 / img.height());
-        can_use_mipmaps = true;
+        d->m_scale.setWidth(1.0 / img.width());
+        d->m_scale.setHeight(1.0 / img.height());
+        d->m_canUseMipmaps = true;
 #ifndef KWIN_HAVE_OPENGLES
     } else {
-        mScale.setWidth(1.0);
-        mScale.setHeight(1.0);
-        can_use_mipmaps = false;
+        d->m_scale.setWidth(1.0);
+        d->m_scale.setHeight(1.0);
+        d->m_canUseMipmaps = false;
     }
 #endif
     setFilter(GL_LINEAR);
-    mSize = img.size();
-    y_inverted = true;
+    d->m_size = img.size();
+    d->m_yInverted = true;
 
-    img = convertToGLFormat(img);
+    img = d->convertToGLFormat(img);
 
     setDirty();
     if (isNull()) {
-        glGenTextures(1, &mTexture);
+        glGenTextures(1, &d->m_texture);
     }
     bind();
 #ifdef KWIN_HAVE_OPENGLES
     // format and internal format have to match in ES, GL_RGBA8 and GL_BGRA are not available
     // see http://www.khronos.org/opengles/sdk/docs/man/xhtml/glTexImage2D.xml
-    glTexImage2D(mTarget, 0, GL_RGBA, img.width(), img.height(), 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, img.bits());
+    glTexImage2D(d->m_target, 0, GL_RGBA, img.width(), img.height(), 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, img.bits());
 #else
-    glTexImage2D(mTarget, 0, GL_RGBA8, img.width(), img.height(), 0,
+    glTexImage2D(d->m_target, 0, GL_RGBA8, img.width(), img.height(), 0,
                  GL_BGRA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, img.bits());
 #endif
     unbind();
@@ -201,37 +231,47 @@ bool GLTexture::load(const QString& fileName)
 
 void GLTexture::discard()
 {
-    setDirty();
-    if (mTexture != None)
-        glDeleteTextures(1, &mTexture);
-    mTexture = None;
+    d_ptr = new GLTexturePrivate();
+}
+
+void GLTexturePrivate::bind()
+{
+#ifndef KWIN_HAVE_OPENGLES
+    glEnable(m_target);
+#endif
+    glBindTexture(m_target, m_texture);
+    enableFilter();
 }
 
 void GLTexture::bind()
 {
+    Q_D(GLTexture);
+    d->bind();
+}
+
+void GLTexturePrivate::unbind()
+{
+    glBindTexture(m_target, 0);
 #ifndef KWIN_HAVE_OPENGLES
-    glEnable(mTarget);
+    glDisable(m_target);
 #endif
-    glBindTexture(mTarget, mTexture);
-    enableFilter();
 }
 
 void GLTexture::unbind()
 {
-    glBindTexture(mTarget, 0);
-#ifndef KWIN_HAVE_OPENGLES
-    glDisable(mTarget);
-#endif
+    Q_D(GLTexture);
+    d->unbind();
 }
 
 void GLTexture::render(QRegion region, const QRect& rect)
 {
-    if (rect.size() != m_cachedSize) {
-        m_cachedSize = rect.size();
+    Q_D(GLTexture);
+    if (rect.size() != d->m_cachedSize) {
+        d->m_cachedSize = rect.size();
         QRect r(rect);
         r.moveTo(0, 0);
-        if (!m_vbo) {
-            m_vbo = new GLVertexBuffer(KWin::GLVertexBuffer::Static);
+        if (!d->m_vbo) {
+            d->m_vbo = new GLVertexBuffer(KWin::GLVertexBuffer::Static);
         }
         const float verts[ 4 * 2 ] = {
             // NOTICE: r.x/y could be replaced by "0", but that would make it unreadable...
@@ -241,12 +281,12 @@ void GLTexture::render(QRegion region, const QRect& rect)
             r.x() + rect.width(), r.y() + rect.height()
         };
         const float texcoords[ 4 * 2 ] = {
-            0.0f, y_inverted ? 0.0f : 1.0f, // y needs to be swapped (normalized coords)
-            0.0f, y_inverted ? 1.0f : 0.0f,
-            1.0f, y_inverted ? 0.0f : 1.0f,
-            1.0f, y_inverted ? 1.0f : 0.0f
+            0.0f, d->m_yInverted ? 0.0f : 1.0f, // y needs to be swapped (normalized coords)
+            0.0f, d->m_yInverted ? 1.0f : 0.0f,
+            1.0f, d->m_yInverted ? 0.0f : 1.0f,
+            1.0f, d->m_yInverted ? 1.0f : 0.0f
         };
-        m_vbo->setData(4, 2, verts, texcoords);
+        d->m_vbo->setData(4, 2, verts, texcoords);
     }
     QMatrix4x4 translation;
     translation.translate(rect.x(), rect.y());
@@ -257,7 +297,7 @@ void GLTexture::render(QRegion region, const QRect& rect)
     } else {
         pushMatrix(translation);
     }
-    m_vbo->render(region, GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP);
+    d->m_vbo->render(region, GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP);
     if (ShaderManager::instance()->isShaderBound()) {
         GLShader *shader = ShaderManager::instance()->getBoundShader();
         shader->setUniform(GLShader::WindowTransformation, QMatrix4x4());
@@ -268,85 +308,94 @@ void GLTexture::render(QRegion region, const QRect& rect)
 
 GLuint GLTexture::texture() const
 {
-    return mTexture;
+    Q_D(const GLTexture);
+    return d->m_texture;
 }
 
 GLenum GLTexture::target() const
 {
-    return mTarget;
+    Q_D(const GLTexture);
+    return d->m_target;
 }
 
 GLenum GLTexture::filter() const
 {
-    return mFilter;
+    Q_D(const GLTexture);
+    return d->m_filter;
 }
 
 bool GLTexture::isDirty() const
 {
-    return has_valid_mipmaps;
+    Q_D(const GLTexture);
+    return d->m_hasValidMipmaps;
 }
 
 void GLTexture::setTexture(GLuint texture)
 {
+    Q_D(GLTexture);
     discard();
-    mTexture = texture;
+    d->m_texture = texture;
 }
 
 void GLTexture::setTarget(GLenum target)
 {
-    mTarget = target;
+    Q_D(GLTexture);
+    d->m_target = target;
 }
 
 void GLTexture::setFilter(GLenum filter)
 {
-    mFilter = filter;
+    Q_D(GLTexture);
+    d->m_filter = filter;
 }
 
 void GLTexture::setWrapMode(GLenum mode)
 {
+    Q_D(GLTexture);
     bind();
-    glTexParameteri(mTarget, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, mode);
-    glTexParameteri(mTarget, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, mode);
+    glTexParameteri(d->m_target, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, mode);
+    glTexParameteri(d->m_target, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, mode);
     unbind();
 }
 
 void GLTexture::setDirty()
 {
-    has_valid_mipmaps = false;
+    Q_D(GLTexture);
+    d->m_hasValidMipmaps = false;
 }
 
 
-void GLTexture::enableFilter()
+void GLTexturePrivate::enableFilter()
 {
-    if (mFilter == GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR) {
+    if (m_filter == GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR) {
         // trilinear filtering requested, but is it possible?
-        if (NPOTTextureSupported()
-                && framebufferObjectSupported()
-                && can_use_mipmaps) {
-            glTexParameteri(mTarget, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR);
-            glTexParameteri(mTarget, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-            if (!has_valid_mipmaps) {
-                glGenerateMipmap(mTarget);
-                has_valid_mipmaps = true;
+        if (sNPOTTextureSupported
+                && sFramebufferObjectSupported
+                && m_canUseMipmaps) {
+            glTexParameteri(m_target, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR_MIPMAP_LINEAR);
+            glTexParameteri(m_target, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+            if (!m_hasValidMipmaps) {
+                glGenerateMipmap(m_target);
+                m_hasValidMipmaps = true;
             }
         } else {
             // can't use trilinear, so use bilinear
-            setFilter(GL_LINEAR);
-            glTexParameteri(mTarget, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-            glTexParameteri(mTarget, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+            m_filter = GL_LINEAR;
+            glTexParameteri(m_target, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+            glTexParameteri(m_target, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
         }
-    } else if (mFilter == GL_LINEAR) {
-        glTexParameteri(mTarget, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-        glTexParameteri(mTarget, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+    } else if (m_filter == GL_LINEAR) {
+        glTexParameteri(m_target, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+        glTexParameteri(m_target, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
     } else {
         // if neither trilinear nor bilinear, default to fast filtering
-        setFilter(GL_NEAREST);
-        glTexParameteri(mTarget, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
-        glTexParameteri(mTarget, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
+        m_filter = GL_NEAREST;
+        glTexParameteri(m_target, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
+        glTexParameteri(m_target, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST);
     }
 }
 
-QImage GLTexture::convertToGLFormat(const QImage& img) const
+QImage GLTexturePrivate::convertToGLFormat(const QImage& img) const
 {
     // Copied from Qt's QGLWidget::convertToGLFormat()
     QImage res;
@@ -410,7 +459,52 @@ QImage GLTexture::convertToGLFormat(const QImage& img) const
 
 bool GLTexture::isYInverted() const
 {
-    return y_inverted;
+    Q_D(const GLTexture);
+    return d->m_yInverted;
+}
+
+void GLTexture::setYInverted(bool inverted)
+{
+    Q_D(GLTexture);
+    d->m_yInverted = inverted;
+}
+
+int GLTexture::width() const
+{
+    Q_D(const GLTexture);
+    return d->m_size.width();
+}
+
+int GLTexture::height() const
+{
+    Q_D(const GLTexture);
+    return d->m_size.height();
+}
+
+bool GLTexture::NPOTTextureSupported()
+{
+    return GLTexturePrivate::sNPOTTextureSupported;
+}
+
+bool GLTexture::framebufferObjectSupported()
+{
+    return GLTexturePrivate::sFramebufferObjectSupported;
+}
+
+bool GLTexture::saturationSupported()
+{
+    return GLTexturePrivate::sSaturationSupported;
+}
+
+void GLTexture::release()
+{
+    Q_D(GLTexture);
+    d->release();
+}
+
+void GLTexturePrivate::release()
+{
+    // nothing to do because we are not bound to any specific data
 }
 
 } // namespace KWin
diff --git a/libkwineffects/kwingltexture.h b/libkwineffects/kwingltexture.h
index 9a8d4168b6..b114838a51 100644
--- a/libkwineffects/kwingltexture.h
+++ b/libkwineffects/kwingltexture.h
@@ -25,7 +25,8 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #include "kwinglobals.h"
 
 #include <QtCore/QSize>
-#include <QtCore/QSharedData>
+#include <QSharedPointer>
+#include <QExplicitlySharedDataPointer>
 
 class QImage;
 class QPixmap;
@@ -37,37 +38,45 @@ namespace KWin
 {
 
 class GLVertexBuffer;
+class GLTexturePrivate;
 
 class KWIN_EXPORT GLTexture
-    : public QSharedData
 {
 public:
     GLTexture();
+    GLTexture(const GLTexture& tex);
     explicit GLTexture(const QImage& image, GLenum target = GL_TEXTURE_2D);
     explicit GLTexture(const QPixmap& pixmap, GLenum target = GL_TEXTURE_2D);
     GLTexture(const QString& fileName);
     GLTexture(int width, int height);
     virtual ~GLTexture();
 
+    GLTexture & operator = (const GLTexture& tex);
+
     bool isNull() const;
     QSize size() const;
-    int width() const {
-        return mSize.width();    /// @since 4.5
-    }
-    int height() const {
-        return mSize.height();    /// @since 4.5
-    }
+    int width() const;
+    int height() const;
     /**
      * @since 4.7
      **/
     bool isYInverted() const;
+    /**
+     * @since 4.8
+     **/
+    void setYInverted(bool inverted);
 
     virtual bool load(const QImage& image, GLenum target = GL_TEXTURE_2D);
     virtual bool load(const QPixmap& pixmap, GLenum target = GL_TEXTURE_2D);
     virtual bool load(const QString& fileName);
     virtual void discard();
-    virtual void bind();
-    virtual void unbind();
+    void bind();
+    void unbind();
+    /**
+     * Release the data which is bound to the texture.
+     * @since 4.8
+     **/
+    void release();
     void render(QRegion region, const QRect& rect);
 
     GLuint texture() const;
@@ -80,41 +89,19 @@ public:
     void setWrapMode(GLenum mode);
     virtual void setDirty();
 
-    static void initStatic();
-    static bool NPOTTextureSupported()  {
-        return sNPOTTextureSupported;
-    }
-    static bool framebufferObjectSupported()  {
-        return sFramebufferObjectSupported;
-    }
-    static bool saturationSupported()  {
-        return sSaturationSupported;
-    }
+    static bool NPOTTextureSupported();
+    static bool framebufferObjectSupported();
+    static bool saturationSupported();
 
 protected:
     void enableFilter();
     QImage convertToGLFormat(const QImage& img) const;
 
-    GLuint mTexture;
-    GLenum mTarget;
-    GLenum mFilter;
-    QSize mSize;
-    QSizeF mScale; // to un-normalize GL_TEXTURE_2D
-    bool y_inverted; // texture has y inverted
-    bool can_use_mipmaps;
-    bool has_valid_mipmaps;
+    QExplicitlySharedDataPointer<GLTexturePrivate> d_ptr;
+    GLTexture(GLTexturePrivate& dd);
 
 private:
-    void init();
-    int mUnnormalizeActive; // 0 - no, otherwise refcount
-    int mNormalizeActive; // 0 - no, otherwise refcount
-    GLVertexBuffer* m_vbo;
-    QSize m_cachedSize;
-
-    static bool sNPOTTextureSupported;
-    static bool sFramebufferObjectSupported;
-    static bool sSaturationSupported;
-    Q_DISABLE_COPY(GLTexture)
+    Q_DECLARE_PRIVATE(GLTexture);
 };
 
 } // namespace
diff --git a/libkwineffects/kwingltexture_p.h b/libkwineffects/kwingltexture_p.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..be879e3073
--- /dev/null
+++ b/libkwineffects/kwingltexture_p.h
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+/********************************************************************
+ KWin - the KDE window manager
+ This file is part of the KDE project.
+
+Copyright (C) 2006-2007 Rivo Laks <rivolaks@hot.ee>
+Copyright (C) 2010, 2011 Martin Gräßlin <mgraesslin@kde.org>
+Copyright (C) 2011 Philipp Knechtges <philipp-dev@knechtges.com>
+
+This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+(at your option) any later version.
+
+This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+*********************************************************************/
+
+#ifndef KWIN_GLTEXTURE_P_H
+#define KWIN_GLTEXTURE_P_H
+
+#include "kwinconfig.h" // KWIN_HAVE_OPENGL
+#include "kwinglobals.h"
+
+#include <QtCore/QSize>
+#include <QtCore/QSharedData>
+
+namespace KWin
+{
+
+class KWIN_EXPORT GLTexturePrivate
+    : public QSharedData
+{
+public:
+    GLTexturePrivate();
+    virtual ~GLTexturePrivate();
+
+    virtual void bind();
+    virtual void unbind();
+    virtual void release();
+
+    void enableFilter();
+    QImage convertToGLFormat(const QImage& img) const;
+
+    GLuint m_texture;
+    GLenum m_target;
+    GLenum m_filter;
+    QSize m_size;
+    QSizeF m_scale; // to un-normalize GL_TEXTURE_2D
+    bool m_yInverted; // texture has y inverted
+    bool m_canUseMipmaps;
+    bool m_hasValidMipmaps;
+
+    int m_unnormalizeActive; // 0 - no, otherwise refcount
+    int m_normalizeActive; // 0 - no, otherwise refcount
+    GLVertexBuffer* m_vbo;
+    QSize m_cachedSize;
+
+    static void initStatic();
+
+    static bool sNPOTTextureSupported;
+    static bool sFramebufferObjectSupported;
+    static bool sSaturationSupported;
+private:
+    Q_DISABLE_COPY(GLTexturePrivate)
+};
+
+} // namespace
+
+#endif
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/libkwineffects/kwinglutils.cpp b/libkwineffects/kwinglutils.cpp
index b9bba5b4e9..19b4ebb011 100644
--- a/libkwineffects/kwinglutils.cpp
+++ b/libkwineffects/kwinglutils.cpp
@@ -21,6 +21,9 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
 #include "kwinglutils.h"
 
+// need to call GLTexturePrivate::initStatic()
+#include "kwingltexture_p.h"
+
 #include "kwinglobals.h"
 #include "kwineffects.h"
 #include "kwinglplatform.h"
@@ -113,7 +116,7 @@ void initGL()
     // handle OpenGL extensions functions
     glResolveFunctions();
 
-    GLTexture::initStatic();
+    GLTexturePrivate::initStatic();
     GLRenderTarget::initStatic();
     GLVertexBuffer::initStatic();
 }
diff --git a/scene_opengl.cpp b/scene_opengl.cpp
index e0fc5f7b4a..cf3eb654d0 100644
--- a/scene_opengl.cpp
+++ b/scene_opengl.cpp
@@ -268,55 +268,43 @@ void SceneOpenGL::windowOpacityChanged(KWin::Toplevel* t)
 // SceneOpenGL::Texture
 //****************************************
 
-SceneOpenGL::Texture::Texture() : GLTexture()
+SceneOpenGL::Texture::Texture() : GLTexture(*new TexturePrivate())
 {
-    init();
 }
 
-SceneOpenGL::Texture::Texture(const Pixmap& pix, const QSize& size, int depth) : GLTexture()
+SceneOpenGL::Texture::Texture(TexturePrivate& dd) : GLTexture(dd)
+{
+}
+
+SceneOpenGL::Texture::Texture(const SceneOpenGL::Texture& tex) : GLTexture(*tex.d_ptr)
+{
+}
+
+SceneOpenGL::Texture::Texture(const Pixmap& pix, const QSize& size, int depth)
+    : GLTexture(*new TexturePrivate())
 {
-    init();
     load(pix, size, depth);
 }
 
 SceneOpenGL::Texture::Texture(const QPixmap& pix, GLenum target)
-    : GLTexture()
+    : GLTexture(*new TexturePrivate())
 {
-    init();
     load(pix, target);
 }
 
 SceneOpenGL::Texture::~Texture()
 {
-    discard();
 }
 
-void SceneOpenGL::Texture::createTexture()
+SceneOpenGL::Texture& SceneOpenGL::Texture::operator = (const SceneOpenGL::Texture& tex)
 {
-    glGenTextures(1, &mTexture);
+    d_ptr = tex.d_ptr;
+    return *this;
 }
 
 void SceneOpenGL::Texture::discard()
 {
-    if (mTexture != None)
-        release();
-    GLTexture::discard();
-}
-
-QRegion SceneOpenGL::Texture::optimizeBindDamage(const QRegion& reg, int limit)
-{
-    if (reg.rects().count() <= 1)
-        return reg;
-    // try to reduce the number of rects, as especially with SHM mode every rect
-    // causes X roundtrip, even for very small areas - so, when the size difference
-    // between all the areas and the bounding rectangle is small, simply use
-    // only the bounding rectangle
-    int size = 0;
-    foreach (const QRect & r, reg.rects())
-    size += r.width() * r.height();
-    if (reg.boundingRect().width() * reg.boundingRect().height() - size < limit)
-        return reg.boundingRect();
-    return reg;
+    d_ptr = new TexturePrivate();
 }
 
 bool SceneOpenGL::Texture::load(const Pixmap& pix, const QSize& size,
@@ -337,6 +325,7 @@ bool SceneOpenGL::Texture::load(const QImage& image, GLenum target)
 
 bool SceneOpenGL::Texture::load(const QPixmap& pixmap, GLenum target)
 {
+    Q_D(Texture);
     if (pixmap.isNull())
         return false;
 
@@ -345,8 +334,6 @@ bool SceneOpenGL::Texture::load(const QPixmap& pixmap, GLenum target)
         return GLTexture::load(pixmap.toImage(), target);
     }
 
-    y_inverted = true;
-
     // use the X11 pixmap provided by Qt
     return load(pixmap.handle(), pixmap.size(), pixmap.depth());
 }
@@ -374,9 +361,16 @@ SceneOpenGL::Window::~Window()
 bool SceneOpenGL::Window::bindTexture()
 {
 #ifndef KWIN_HAVE_OPENGLES
-    if (texture.texture() != None && toplevel->damage().isEmpty()) {
-        // texture doesn't need updating, just bind it
-        glBindTexture(texture.target(), texture.texture());
+    if (!texture.isNull()) {
+        if (toplevel->damage().isEmpty()) {
+            // texture doesn't need updating, just bind it
+            glBindTexture(texture.target(), texture.texture());
+        } else {
+            // bind() updates the texture automatically e.g. in case the glx pixmap binding
+            // is strict
+            texture.bind();
+            toplevel->resetDamage(QRect(toplevel->clientPos(), toplevel->clientSize()));
+        }
         return true;
     }
 #endif
@@ -384,8 +378,10 @@ bool SceneOpenGL::Window::bindTexture()
     Pixmap pix = toplevel->windowPixmap();
     if (pix == None)
         return false;
+
     bool success = texture.load(pix, toplevel->size(), toplevel->depth(),
                                 toplevel->damage());
+
     if (success)
         toplevel->resetDamage(QRect(toplevel->clientPos(), toplevel->clientSize()));
     else
@@ -417,7 +413,7 @@ void SceneOpenGL::Window::checkTextureSize()
 // when the window's composite pixmap is discarded, undo binding it to the texture
 void SceneOpenGL::Window::pixmapDiscarded()
 {
-    texture.release();
+    texture.discard();
 }
 
 QMatrix4x4 SceneOpenGL::Window::transformation(int mask, const WindowPaintData &data) const
@@ -640,7 +636,7 @@ void SceneOpenGL::Window::paintDecoration(const QPixmap* decoration, TextureType
     }
     if (decorationTexture->texture() != None && !updateDeco) {
         // texture doesn't need updating, just bind it
-        glBindTexture(decorationTexture->target(), decorationTexture->texture());
+        decorationTexture->bind();
     } else if (!decoration->isNull()) {
         bool success = decorationTexture->load(*decoration);
         if (!success) {
diff --git a/scene_opengl.h b/scene_opengl.h
index 52107ea8f9..600ae2e6c2 100644
--- a/scene_opengl.h
+++ b/scene_opengl.h
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #include "shadow.h"
 
 #include "kwinglutils.h"
+#include "kwingltexture_p.h"
 
 #ifdef HAVE_XSHM
 #include <X11/extensions/XShm.h>
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@ class SceneOpenGL
 public:
     class EffectFrame;
     class Texture;
+    class TexturePrivate;
     class Window;
     SceneOpenGL(Workspace* ws);
     virtual ~SceneOpenGL();
@@ -100,40 +102,51 @@ private:
     bool debug;
 };
 
+class SceneOpenGL::TexturePrivate
+    : public GLTexturePrivate
+{
+public:
+    TexturePrivate();
+    virtual ~TexturePrivate();
+
+    virtual void bind();
+    virtual void unbind();
+    virtual void release();
+
+#ifndef KWIN_HAVE_OPENGLES
+    GLXPixmap m_glxpixmap; // the glx pixmap the texture is bound to, only for tfp_mode
+#endif
+private:
+    Q_DISABLE_COPY(TexturePrivate)
+};
+
 class SceneOpenGL::Texture
     : public GLTexture
 {
 public:
     Texture();
+    Texture(const Texture& tex);
     Texture(const QPixmap& pix, GLenum target = GL_TEXTURE_2D);
     virtual ~Texture();
 
+    Texture & operator = (const Texture& tex);
+
     using GLTexture::load;
     virtual bool load(const QImage& image, GLenum target = GL_TEXTURE_2D);
     virtual bool load(const QPixmap& pixmap, GLenum target = GL_TEXTURE_2D);
     virtual void discard();
-    virtual void release(); // undo the tfp_mode binding
-    virtual void bind();
-    virtual void unbind();
-    void setYInverted(bool inverted) {
-        y_inverted = inverted;
-    }
 
 protected:
     Texture(const Pixmap& pix, const QSize& size, int depth);
     void findTarget();
-    QRegion optimizeBindDamage(const QRegion& reg, int limit);
-    void createTexture();
     virtual bool load(const Pixmap& pix, const QSize& size, int depth,
                       QRegion region);
     virtual bool load(const Pixmap& pix, const QSize& size, int depth);
 
-private:
-    void init();
+    Texture(TexturePrivate& dd);
 
-#ifndef KWIN_HAVE_OPENGLES
-    GLXPixmap glxpixmap; // the glx pixmap the texture is bound to, only for tfp_mode
-#endif
+private:
+    Q_DECLARE_PRIVATE(Texture);
 
     friend class SceneOpenGL::Window;
 };
diff --git a/scene_opengl_egl.cpp b/scene_opengl_egl.cpp
index 8b1b51225c..4e232c2691 100644
--- a/scene_opengl_egl.cpp
+++ b/scene_opengl_egl.cpp
@@ -210,65 +210,71 @@ void SceneOpenGL::flushBuffer(int mask, QRegion damage)
 // SceneOpenGL::Texture
 //****************************************
 
-void SceneOpenGL::Texture::init()
+SceneOpenGL::TexturePrivate::TexturePrivate()
 {
-    findTarget();
+    m_target = GL_TEXTURE_2D;
 }
 
-void SceneOpenGL::Texture::release()
+SceneOpenGL::TexturePrivate::~TexturePrivate()
 {
-    mTexture = None;
 }
 
 void SceneOpenGL::Texture::findTarget()
 {
-    mTarget = GL_TEXTURE_2D;
+    Q_D(Texture);
+    d->m_target = GL_TEXTURE_2D;
+}
+
+void SceneOpenGL::TexturePrivate::release()
+{
 }
 
 bool SceneOpenGL::Texture::load(const Pixmap& pix, const QSize& size,
                                 int depth, QRegion region)
 {
+    // decrease the reference counter for the old texture
+    d_ptr = new TexturePrivate();
+
+    Q_D(Texture);
     Q_UNUSED(depth)
     Q_UNUSED(region)
 
     if (pix == None)
         return false;
 
-    if (mTexture == None) {
-        createTexture();
-        bind();
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-        glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
-        const EGLint attribs[] = {
-            EGL_IMAGE_PRESERVED_KHR, EGL_TRUE,
-            EGL_NONE
-        };
-        EGLImageKHR image = eglCreateImageKHR(dpy, EGL_NO_CONTEXT, EGL_NATIVE_PIXMAP_KHR,
-                                              (EGLClientBuffer)pix, attribs);
+    glGenTextures(1, &d->m_texture);
+    bind();
+    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE);
+    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
+    const EGLint attribs[] = {
+        EGL_IMAGE_PRESERVED_KHR, EGL_TRUE,
+        EGL_NONE
+    };
+    EGLImageKHR image = eglCreateImageKHR(dpy, EGL_NO_CONTEXT, EGL_NATIVE_PIXMAP_KHR,
+                                          (EGLClientBuffer)pix, attribs);
 
-        if (EGL_NO_IMAGE_KHR == image) {
-            kDebug(1212) << "failed to create egl image";
-            unbind();
-            return false;
-        }
-        glEGLImageTargetTexture2DOES(GL_TEXTURE_2D, (GLeglImageOES)image);
-        eglDestroyImageKHR(dpy, image);
+    if (EGL_NO_IMAGE_KHR == image) {
+        kDebug(1212) << "failed to create egl image";
         unbind();
-        checkGLError("load texture");
-        setYInverted(true);
-        mSize = size;
+        return false;
     }
+    glEGLImageTargetTexture2DOES(GL_TEXTURE_2D, (GLeglImageOES)image);
+    eglDestroyImageKHR(dpy, image);
+    unbind();
+    checkGLError("load texture");
+    setYInverted(true);
+    d->m_size = size;
     return true;
 }
 
-void SceneOpenGL::Texture::bind()
+void SceneOpenGL::TexturePrivate::bind()
 {
-    GLTexture::bind();
+    GLTexturePrivate::bind();
 }
 
-void SceneOpenGL::Texture::unbind()
+void SceneOpenGL::TexturePrivate::unbind()
 {
-    GLTexture::unbind();
+    GLTexturePrivate::unbind();
 }
diff --git a/scene_opengl_glx.cpp b/scene_opengl_glx.cpp
index 9ceeb761db..06a7b0a575 100644
--- a/scene_opengl_glx.cpp
+++ b/scene_opengl_glx.cpp
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ SceneOpenGL::SceneOpenGL(Workspace* ws)
         return; // error
     // Initialize OpenGL
     initGL();
+
     GLPlatform *glPlatform = GLPlatform::instance();
     if (glPlatform->isSoftwareEmulation()) {
         kError(1212) << "OpenGL Software Rasterizer detected. Falling back to XRender.";
@@ -544,33 +545,38 @@ void SceneOpenGL::flushBuffer(int mask, QRegion damage)
 // SceneOpenGL::Texture
 //****************************************
 
-void SceneOpenGL::Texture::init()
+SceneOpenGL::TexturePrivate::TexturePrivate()
 {
-    glxpixmap = None;
+    m_glxpixmap = None;
 }
 
-void SceneOpenGL::Texture::release()
+SceneOpenGL::TexturePrivate::~TexturePrivate()
 {
-    if (glxpixmap != None) {
+    release();
+}
+
+void SceneOpenGL::TexturePrivate::release()
+{
+    if (m_glxpixmap != None) {
         if (!options->glStrictBinding) {
-            glXReleaseTexImageEXT(display(), glxpixmap, GLX_FRONT_LEFT_EXT);
+            glXReleaseTexImageEXT(display(), m_glxpixmap, GLX_FRONT_LEFT_EXT);
         }
-        glXDestroyPixmap(display(), glxpixmap);
-        glxpixmap = None;
+        glXDestroyPixmap(display(), m_glxpixmap);
     }
 }
 
 void SceneOpenGL::Texture::findTarget()
 {
+    Q_D(Texture);
     unsigned int new_target = 0;
-    if (glXQueryDrawable && glxpixmap != None)
-        glXQueryDrawable(display(), glxpixmap, GLX_TEXTURE_TARGET_EXT, &new_target);
+    if (glXQueryDrawable && d->m_glxpixmap != None)
+        glXQueryDrawable(display(), d->m_glxpixmap, GLX_TEXTURE_TARGET_EXT, &new_target);
     // HACK: this used to be a hack for Xgl.
     // without this hack the NVIDIA blob aborts when trying to bind a texture from
     // a pixmap icon
     if (new_target == 0) {
         if (NPOTTextureSupported() ||
-            (isPowerOfTwo(mSize.width()) && isPowerOfTwo(mSize.height()))) {
+            (isPowerOfTwo(d->m_size.width()) && isPowerOfTwo(d->m_size.height()))) {
             new_target = GLX_TEXTURE_2D_EXT;
         } else {
             new_target = GLX_TEXTURE_RECTANGLE_EXT;
@@ -578,14 +584,14 @@ void SceneOpenGL::Texture::findTarget()
     }
     switch(new_target) {
     case GLX_TEXTURE_2D_EXT:
-        mTarget = GL_TEXTURE_2D;
-        mScale.setWidth(1.0f / mSize.width());
-        mScale.setHeight(1.0f / mSize.height());
+        d->m_target = GL_TEXTURE_2D;
+        d->m_scale.setWidth(1.0f / d->m_size.width());
+        d->m_scale.setHeight(1.0f / d->m_size.height());
         break;
     case GLX_TEXTURE_RECTANGLE_EXT:
-        mTarget = GL_TEXTURE_RECTANGLE_ARB;
-        mScale.setWidth(1.0f);
-        mScale.setHeight(1.0f);
+        d->m_target = GL_TEXTURE_RECTANGLE_ARB;
+        d->m_scale.setWidth(1.0f);
+        d->m_scale.setHeight(1.0f);
         break;
     default:
         abort();
@@ -595,6 +601,10 @@ void SceneOpenGL::Texture::findTarget()
 bool SceneOpenGL::Texture::load(const Pixmap& pix, const QSize& size,
                                 int depth, QRegion region)
 {
+    // decrease the reference counter for the old texture
+    d_ptr = new TexturePrivate();
+
+    Q_D(Texture);
 #ifdef CHECK_GL_ERROR
     checkGLError("TextureLoad1");
 #endif
@@ -606,78 +616,65 @@ bool SceneOpenGL::Texture::load(const Pixmap& pix, const QSize& size,
         return false;
     }
 
-    mSize = size;
-    if (mTexture == None || !region.isEmpty()) {
-        // new texture, or texture contents changed; mipmaps now invalid
-        setDirty();
-    }
+    d->m_size = size;
+    d->m_yInverted = true;
+    // new texture, or texture contents changed; mipmaps now invalid
+    setDirty();
 
 #ifdef CHECK_GL_ERROR
     checkGLError("TextureLoad2");
 #endif
     // tfp mode, simply bind the pixmap to texture
-    if (mTexture == None)
-        createTexture();
+    glGenTextures(1, &d->m_texture);
     // The GLX pixmap references the contents of the original pixmap, so it doesn't
     // need to be recreated when the contents change.
     // The texture may or may not use the same storage depending on the EXT_tfp
     // implementation. When options->glStrictBinding is true, the texture uses
     // a different storage and needs to be updated with a call to
     // glXBindTexImageEXT() when the contents of the pixmap has changed.
-    if (glxpixmap != None)
-        glBindTexture(mTarget, mTexture);
-    else {
-        int attrs[] = {
-            GLX_TEXTURE_FORMAT_EXT, fbcdrawableinfo[ depth ].bind_texture_format,
-            GLX_MIPMAP_TEXTURE_EXT, fbcdrawableinfo[ depth ].mipmap,
-            None, None, None
-        };
-        // Specifying the texture target explicitly is reported to cause a performance
-        // regression with R300G (see bug #256654).
-        if (GLPlatform::instance()->driver() != Driver_R300G) {
-            if ((fbcdrawableinfo[ depth ].texture_targets & GLX_TEXTURE_2D_BIT_EXT) &&
-                    (GLTexture::NPOTTextureSupported() ||
-                     (isPowerOfTwo(size.width()) && isPowerOfTwo(size.height())))) {
-                attrs[ 4 ] = GLX_TEXTURE_TARGET_EXT;
-                attrs[ 5 ] = GLX_TEXTURE_2D_EXT;
-            } else if (fbcdrawableinfo[ depth ].texture_targets & GLX_TEXTURE_RECTANGLE_BIT_EXT) {
-                attrs[ 4 ] = GLX_TEXTURE_TARGET_EXT;
-                attrs[ 5 ] = GLX_TEXTURE_RECTANGLE_EXT;
-            }
+    int attrs[] = {
+        GLX_TEXTURE_FORMAT_EXT, fbcdrawableinfo[ depth ].bind_texture_format,
+        GLX_MIPMAP_TEXTURE_EXT, fbcdrawableinfo[ depth ].mipmap,
+        None, None, None
+    };
+    // Specifying the texture target explicitly is reported to cause a performance
+    // regression with R300G (see bug #256654).
+    if (GLPlatform::instance()->driver() != Driver_R300G) {
+        if ((fbcdrawableinfo[ depth ].texture_targets & GLX_TEXTURE_2D_BIT_EXT) &&
+                (GLTexture::NPOTTextureSupported() ||
+                  (isPowerOfTwo(size.width()) && isPowerOfTwo(size.height())))) {
+            attrs[ 4 ] = GLX_TEXTURE_TARGET_EXT;
+            attrs[ 5 ] = GLX_TEXTURE_2D_EXT;
+        } else if (fbcdrawableinfo[ depth ].texture_targets & GLX_TEXTURE_RECTANGLE_BIT_EXT) {
+            attrs[ 4 ] = GLX_TEXTURE_TARGET_EXT;
+            attrs[ 5 ] = GLX_TEXTURE_RECTANGLE_EXT;
         }
-        glxpixmap = glXCreatePixmap(display(), fbcdrawableinfo[ depth ].fbconfig, pix, attrs);
-#ifdef CHECK_GL_ERROR
-        checkGLError("TextureLoadTFP1");
-#endif
-        findTarget();
-        y_inverted = fbcdrawableinfo[ depth ].y_inverted ? true : false;
-        can_use_mipmaps = fbcdrawableinfo[ depth ].mipmap ? true : false;
-        glBindTexture(mTarget, mTexture);
-#ifdef CHECK_GL_ERROR
-        checkGLError("TextureLoadTFP2");
-#endif
-        if (!options->glStrictBinding)
-            glXBindTexImageEXT(display(), glxpixmap, GLX_FRONT_LEFT_EXT, NULL);
     }
-    if (options->glStrictBinding)
-        // Mark the texture as damaged so it will be updated on the next call to bind()
-        glXBindTexImageEXT(display(), glxpixmap, GLX_FRONT_LEFT_EXT, NULL);
+    d->m_glxpixmap = glXCreatePixmap(display(), fbcdrawableinfo[ depth ].fbconfig, pix, attrs);
+#ifdef CHECK_GL_ERROR
+    checkGLError("TextureLoadTFP1");
+#endif
+    findTarget();
+    d->m_yInverted = fbcdrawableinfo[ depth ].y_inverted ? true : false;
+    d->m_canUseMipmaps = fbcdrawableinfo[ depth ].mipmap ? true : false;
+    glBindTexture(d->m_target, d->m_texture);
+#ifdef CHECK_GL_ERROR
+    checkGLError("TextureLoadTFP2");
+#endif
+    glXBindTexImageEXT(display(), d->m_glxpixmap, GLX_FRONT_LEFT_EXT, NULL);
 #ifdef CHECK_GL_ERROR
     checkGLError("TextureLoad0");
 #endif
     return true;
 }
 
-void SceneOpenGL::Texture::bind()
+void SceneOpenGL::TexturePrivate::bind()
 {
-    glEnable(mTarget);
-    glBindTexture(mTarget, mTexture);
-    // if one of the GLTexture::load functions is called, the glxpixmap doesn't
-    // have to exist
-    if (options->glStrictBinding && glxpixmap) {
-        glXReleaseTexImageEXT(display(), glxpixmap, GLX_FRONT_LEFT_EXT);
-        glXBindTexImageEXT(display(), glxpixmap, GLX_FRONT_LEFT_EXT, NULL);
-        setDirty(); // Mipmaps have to be regenerated after updating the texture
+    GLTexturePrivate::bind();
+    if (options->glStrictBinding && m_glxpixmap) {
+        glXReleaseTexImageEXT(display(), m_glxpixmap, GLX_FRONT_LEFT_EXT);
+        glXBindTexImageEXT(display(), m_glxpixmap, GLX_FRONT_LEFT_EXT, NULL);
+        m_hasValidMipmaps = false; // Mipmaps have to be regenerated after updating the texture
     }
     enableFilter();
     if (hasGLVersion(1, 4, 0)) {
@@ -686,17 +683,16 @@ void SceneOpenGL::Texture::bind()
     }
 }
 
-void SceneOpenGL::Texture::unbind()
+void SceneOpenGL::TexturePrivate::unbind()
 {
     if (hasGLVersion(1, 4, 0)) {
         glTexEnvf(GL_TEXTURE_FILTER_CONTROL, GL_TEXTURE_LOD_BIAS, 0.0f);
     }
-    // if one of the GLTexture::load functions is called, the glxpixmap doesn't
-    // have to exist
-    if (options->glStrictBinding && glxpixmap) {
-        glBindTexture(mTarget, mTexture);
-        glXReleaseTexImageEXT(display(), glxpixmap, GLX_FRONT_LEFT_EXT);
+    if (options->glStrictBinding && m_glxpixmap) {
+        glBindTexture(m_target, m_texture);
+        glXReleaseTexImageEXT(display(), m_glxpixmap, GLX_FRONT_LEFT_EXT);
     }
 
-    GLTexture::unbind();
+    GLTexturePrivate::unbind();
 }
+